18 results
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI ... Pseudoephedrine • Primary ... Renovascular • Primary ... Renin producing tumor ... Deoxycorticosterone tumor
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... either secondary or primary ... Renin-secreting tumor ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Renin secreting tumor ... , Primary hyperaldosteronism ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Renin secreting tumor ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
High Al, Low R - Primary ... Renin-secreting tumor ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Primary Orthostatic Tremor

Primary ‘Shaky legs’ syndrome. High frequency oscillograph legs on standing. Note the fluttering of
Tremor Primary ... ‘Shaky legs’ syndrome ... #Orthostatic #Tremor ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #neurology
Primary Orthostatic Tremor

Primary ‘Shaky legs’ syndrome. High frequency oscillograph legs on standing. This video demonstrates closeup
Tremor Primary ... ‘Shaky legs’ syndrome ... #Orthostatic #Tremor ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #neurology #legs
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... dissociation • Other causes ... trauma/orbital tumor ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... involved - Urinary ... differential #diagnosis #neurology