31 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Mytomes - Segmental Innervation of Muscles
Shoulder	Abduction	C5	Axillary Nerve
Shoulder	Adduction	C6-C8	Thoracodorsal Nerve
Elbow	Flexion	C5	Musculocutaneous Nerve
Elbow	Extension	C7	Radial Nerve
Wrist	Extension	C6	Radial Nerve
Fingers	Flexion	C8	Median Nerve
Fingers	Abduction	T1	Ulnar Nerve
Hip	Flexion	L2	Nerve to Psoas
Hip	Extension	S1	Inferior Gluteal
Elbow Extension C7 Radial ... Fingers Flexion C8 Median ... #MuscleGroups #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Neurology ... #Diagnosis
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Left Wrist Drop - Radial Nerve Palsy on Physical Examination

Left hand drop due to compression of
Left Wrist Drop - Radial ... compression of the radial ... sleeping as in this case ... clinical #video #orthopedics ... #msk #sports #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
- Differential Diagnosis ... treat underlying cause ... (CHF, cirrhosis ... Pulmonary Diseases ... #nephrology #sodium
Monteggia Fracture 
Fracture of proximal ulnar shaft with radial head dislocation. Remember “MUGR” to recall where
• If stable ... DC with orthopedic ... repair MH/CCF ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Proximal #MSK
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... Food - Avoid in CRF ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Na delivery): CHF ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... Food - Avoid in CRF ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology