14 results
Apical 4-chamber (A4) Apical 4 Chamber view demonstrating the right ventricle (RV), right atrium (RA), left
(RA), left ventricle ... (LV) and left atrium ... #Clinical #EM #Cardiology ... #POCUS #Apical ... #FourChamber #ALiEM
Atrial Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (A4C)

35yoF presents with acute onset atrial fibrillation.  POCUS shows dilated
(A4C) 35yoF ... left atrium & poor ... mitral valve coaptation ... Echocardiogram #A4C ... #clinical #cardiology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
from Infective Endocarditis ... cultures/serology: Serial ... Predilection for left-sided ... in up to 30% of cases ... #NonInfective #Endocarditis
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left ... atrial myxoma)/ ... ball valve thrombus ... #differential #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Septic Emboli Cause ... • Left sided > Right ... #management #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... - Most Common Cause ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Parasternal Long Axis view with measurement. Note the right ventricle (RV), interventricular septum (S), left ventricle
ventricle (LV), left ... atrium (LA), anterior ... #Clinical #EM #Cardiology ... #POCUS #Parasternal ... LongAxis #PSLA #ALiEM
Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis on POCUS Echocardiogram

Patient with active IVDU presents with fever, sepsis.  More likely
Tricuspid Valve ... Endocarditis on ... findings with left-sided ... #clinical #cardiology ... #s4c
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... Mitral valve doesn ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... annular plane into left ... atrium. ... parachute mitral valve ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology