10 results
causes hyperkalemia algorithm metabolic high acidosis aniongap chloride diuresis diuretics framework gitelman hypokalemia hypophosphatemia intercellularshift management medications nongap pharmacology phosphate
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
metabolic acidosis • Diabetic ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
excretion • Acute ... renal failure • Chronic ... • Drugs • Diabetic ... #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
leukemia Measure Urine ... Fractional Excretion ... Malabsorption, Chronic ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... other • Severe potassium ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... Medications 2. ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... Medications 2. ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #Medications
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Potassium-sparing ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... Creatinine • Chronic ... Aldosterone • Diabetic ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
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