11 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses, Diuretic ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... acidosisChronic ... acidosisDiabetic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... diuretics (amiloride ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... evaluating hypokalemia ... , Diuretics, Bartter ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... • Diagnosis of ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #Medications
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
with thiazide diuretic ... (renal potassium ... Surreptitious diuretic ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... • K sparing diuretics ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Medications 2.
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... • K sparing diuretics ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Medications 2.
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Etiology: • Medications ... STOP offending medications ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Treatment #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Monitor potassium ... Loop diuretics for ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #Diagnosis #Management