31 results
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... potassium intake ... renal function, medication ... dysfunction is common #Diagnosis ... Differential #Causes
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Psychosocial Medications ... Neurally Active Medications ... Aluminum, Calcium, Potassium ... #Causes
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Neurological insult • Medications ... fibrillation Clinical ... #Differential # ... Cardiology #EKG ... #ECG #Hypothermia
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal loss • Medication ... #Differential # ... #Causes #Classification
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium ... #medications #druginduced
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis GI losses ... in kidneys) - Medications ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Diagnosis by Classification ... depletion - Medication ... Alcohol blackout - Medication ... #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Clenching of fist during ... Medications 2. ... diagnosis #causes
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Acromegaly Medications ... Hyperglycemia (e.g ... #endocrinology ... #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Clenching of fist during ... Medications 2. ... diagnosis #causes