27 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... • Conus Medullaris ... to conus medullaris ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... spared Conus Medullaris ... #lesions #differential
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... cord injury, Early ... Testing #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... continence • Pain ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
• MCC- acute ... L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
syndrome - Deafferentation ... Post-stroke • Spinal ... injury #Pain ... #Mechanisms #Neurology ... #Differential #
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... deficiency etc) • Spinal ... Immobilization) • Acute ... #differential # ... extremity #msk #physicalexam
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Pigment, Protein) • AIN ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
wasting, radicular pain ... dysfunction, back pain ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential ... #TB #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Methotrexate • AIN ... cyclophosphamide) #Acute ... Cancer #Oncology #Differential ... Classification #Nephrology