23 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Systemic disease ... Effusions - Septic Arthritis ... SLE - Behcet Disease ... Ligamentous injuries - Meniscal ... diagnosis #msk #physicalexam
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... SLE, Reactive arthritis ... Ocular melanoma • Arthritis ... SLE, Reactive Arthritis ... diagnosis #management #signs
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
Lyme Disease: Early ... • Heralded by neurologic ... years after • Arthritis ... WuidQ #Lyme #Disease ... #diagnosis #signs
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
other autoimmune diseases ... with systemic diseases ... like rheumatoid arthritis ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Lyme Disease - Borreliosis
Erythema migrans
 - 3-32 days (median: 7-10 days)
Diagnosis of Lyme Disease ... findings, Lyme serology ... missing in early disease ... antibodies Lyme arthritis ... Borreliosis #Diagnosis #Signs
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... While the pathophysiology ... despite severe disease ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
of the Hip • Arthritis ... Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... causes #symptoms #signs
Romberg's Test for Proprioception
History: First described in the 19th century in patients with tabes dorsalis (later
test (Romberg's sign ... • Cerebellar disease ... Unilateral vestibular disease ... Rombergs #Test #neurology ... proprioception #physicalexam
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
Rheumatoid arthritis ... interstitial lung disease ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... GCA (Giant Cell Arteritis ... affects the skin, neurologic ... cognitive impairment, neurologic ... and often causes arthritis