21 results
Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
Indications: 
 • COPD exacerbation (↓ intubation, ↓ mortality), Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (↓
of respiratory failure ... Extubation to NIPPV ... Spontaneous Time (a.k.a BiLevel ... MD @nickmmark #NIVPPV
Approach to Selecting Respiratory Support:
-The role of noninvasive respiratory support is generally to reduce the patient's
pneumonia vs. heart failure ... CriticalCare #BiPAP #BiLevel ... HFNC #HighFlow #NIPPV ... RespiratorySupport #Selection #Algorithm
COVID-19 Hypoxia Management

Indication for endotracheal intubation?
Tolerating supplemental oxygen?
Consider HFNC
Not tolerating HFNC or HFNC is not available?
Consider
CONSIDER: a trial of NIPPV ... criticalcare #hypoxia #failure ... #algorithm #survivingsepsis
Differential Diagnosis in Acute Renal Failure

#Diagnosis #Differential #AKI #Acute #RenalFailure #KidneyInjury #Algorithm #Nephrology

** GrepMed Recommended Text:
in Acute Renal Failure ... #KidneyInjury #Algorithm ... #Nephrology ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal Failure ... , liver failure, ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... • Acute renal failure ... Chronic renal failure ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, Heart failure ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... chronic renal failure ... Cirrhosis, Cardiac failure ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Chronic Renal Failure ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
CHF • liver failure ... syndrome • renal failure ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology