24 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Assess volume status ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm

CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction
SIADH - Fluid restriction
 - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment ... Algorithm CHF ... improved volume status ... water diuresis) 1° ... #Management
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... #Nephrology #Differential
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Normal ... Celiac, IBD) • ... Cystic Fibrosis, CHF ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... underlying cause (CHF ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
1. ... Demyelination Syndrome ... desmopressin MH/CCF ... Correction #goal #rate #management ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step #1 ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... demyelination syndrome ... include vaptans (HF ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium