12 results
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
hydrocephalus, HIV ... MRI, iADL scale, ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... (parkinsonian signs ... - Unique or multiple
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... resonance imaging [MRI ... objective evidence of neurologic ... • Acute: - IV ... #management #neurology
Medial Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Truncation of the medial meniscus on
Handle Tear - MSK ... The "double PCL sign ... Medial #Meniscus #BucketHandle ... #Tear #knee #mri ... #msk
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... #AIDS #Neurology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
One and a Half Syndrome ... , strokes, and multiple ... MRI was ordered ... the hospital, diagnosed ... ophthalmology #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Mononeuritis multiplex ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... decreased rectal tone ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #causes #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... suggestive of multiple ... Demyelination: - Multiple ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Symptoms and signs ... Demyelinating: - Multiple ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... • CT: Halo sign ... multiforme, • Multiple ... of a "flu-like syndrome