6 results
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
• Arrhythmias: Afib ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic ... valve • Endocarditis ... Structural: myxoma, thrombus
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... stenosis Rheumatic ... disease Infective endocarditis ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... #stenosis #Causes
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Regurgitation (MR) Causes ... stenosis - Infective ... /marantic endocarditis ... papillary muscles apically ... pacing (especially apical
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
(< 5% pts with afibb ... TEE to exclude thrombus ... Moderate or severe mitral ... stenosis • Mechanical ... #diagnosis #management
Apical 2-Chamber (A2C) Window on POCUS Echocardiogram

Helpful to distinguish anterior and inferior regional wall motion abnormalities.
(A2C) Window on ... associated LV thrombus ... In this case, severely ... EF -> visible mural ... thrombus (star)
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
Diagnosis and Management ... infectious disease caused ... cardiomyopathy (→HF) with apical ... ventricular aneurysm), mural ... thrombi (→stroke