60 results
Emergency management of severe hyperkalemia

#hyperkalemia #management #algorithm #nephrology #Potassium #Treatment
management #algorithm #nephrology ... #Potassium #Treatment
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Recreational drugs, Poisons ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Burns • Trauma/Crush ... • Recent IV potassium ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
(<10%): fever, rash ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium