34 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... • Metabolic acidosis ... glycosides • High acute ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Renal tubular acidosis ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... with renal tubal acidosis ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... #nephrology
AEIOU - Mnemonic of Acute Indications for Dialysis 
A - Acidosis - pH < 7.1
E -
- Mnemonic of Acute ... Dialysis A - Acidosis ... Electrolytes - Refractory Hyperkalemia ... #hemodialysis #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... - Metabolic acidosis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Metabolic Acidosis ... production: TLS, Crush ... : Blood draw error ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... diagnosis #table #neurology