11 results
diagnosis differential algorithm management microscopy treatment workup aki atlas blood cns encephalitis glomerular hematuria hyperkalemia infections interpretation interstitial k key
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... a variety of acute ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... require urgent nephrology ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive) • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach to Acute ... (<10%): fever, rash ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... unilateral flank pain ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Immobilization, Crush ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... hyperkalemia or ATN ... Management #Summary #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Immobilization - Crush ... Weakness - Dark urine ... Cast formation: ... #treatment #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
arbitrarily defined as urine ... cell/white cell casts ... because nephritic urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Viral Encephalitis: MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Maculopapular rash ... Symptoms: • Acute ... • Uveitis • Rash ... established by CSF or urine ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
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