31 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Recreational drugs, Poisons ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
BEE Syndromes - ... Inflammatory causes ... • MOG antibody-associated ... disorder • ANCA-associated ... #neurology #inflammatory
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... hemoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis ... Conditions: blue diaper ... syndrome (see Question ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Immobilization, Crush ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Heme associated ... Management #Summary #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Immobilization - Crush ... Heme associated ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Oxoproline - associated ... metabolism D-lactate - associated ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... (blue diaper syndrome ... - UTI caused by ... Myoglobinuria, Porphyria, Rhabdomyolysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
(<10%): fever, rash ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Received drug associated ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Malignancy: Paraprotein-associated ... (POEMS syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology