17 results
Aplastic Anemia Summary

 • Definition
 • Pathophysiology
 • DDx: AA vs Hypocellular MDS
 • Expectation
 •
Aplastic Anemia ... Pathophysiology • DDx: AA ... #Aplastic #Anemia
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Retina 11. ... nerve swelling Retina ... vein occlusion - Retinal ... more common than retinal ... retinopathy (sickle cell anemia
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
Production Index = (Retic ... particular degree of anemia ... appropriately)- Retic ... Index < 2: • Anemia ... appropriately) - Retic
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
axoplasm into retina ... diabetes, HIV, severe anemia
Muddy Brown Sclera: Brownish discoloration of sclera occasionally seen in African Americans. 
It is a variant
Ophthalmology #Normal #MuddyBrown ... #Sclera #AA #Photo
Diagnostic Criteria for Scleroderma Renal Crisis 

1. New onset blood pressure >150/85 mm Hg OR increase
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... hypertension on retinal ... - Oliguria or anuria
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
ARBs Decreased Renin ... Tacrolimus - Amelia
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
autoantibodies (pernicious anemia ... Worsening macrocytic anemia ... wt loss • If anemia ... - CBC, PBS - anemia ... or low pit, low retic
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
Weight loss • Anemia ... Immune hemolytic anemia ... in this subtype retain
Mild-to-Moderate Ulcerative Colitis - Management Algorithm
Curcumin:
 • Natural phytochemical from turmeric
 • 2g/day divided in 2-3
Budesonide Foam PR, Enema ... • Difficult to retain