12 results
Causes of Back Pain #Diagnosis #EM #PrimaryCare #Differential #Back #Pain #BackPain #Spinal #Referred #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Back Pain ... #Diagnosis #EM ... Differential #Back #Pain ... #BackPain #Spinal ... #Referred #Algorithm
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... - Abscess - ... weakness - Bladder dysfunction ... - Sphincter dysfunction
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Severe low back pain ... bowel and sexual dysfunction ... - Emergency Causes ... infection/abscess ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis
Primary Back Pathology:
 • Musculoligamentous injury (a.k.a. lumbosacral strain)
 • Spondylosis (i.e.
arthritis of the spine ... Intervertebral disc ... Spondylolisthesis • Spinal ... Infection: Epidural abscess ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
continence • Pain ... • Herniated disc ... Cord Causes: 1 ... Bowel and bladder dysfunction ... differential #algorithm
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar degenerative disc ... • Infection (abscess ... etc) in lumbar spine ... bladder/bowel dysfunction
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
Causes of Back Pain ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... bowel or bladder dysfunction ... deficits, nocturnal pain ... #Causes
Spinal Epidural Abscess - Classic triad (back pain + fever + neuro deficits) found in only
Spinal Epidural ... Abscess - Classic ... triad (back pain ... 13% #Diagnosis #EM ... #Algorithm #ALiEM
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
of Tuberculosis Spinal ... wasting, radicular pain ... , back pain • Imaging ... stroke Tuberculous Abscess ... neurological symptoms • Caused
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
Eustachian tube dysfunction ... , abscess, pulpitis ... roots—cervical spine ... torticollis, cervical disc ... nasal, cervical spine