16 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... /nephritic syndromes ... the patient have glomerular ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... Nephrotic yndrome—podocyte ... #Nephrotic #Syndromes
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... sensitive) • AKI ... sterile pyuria, WBC ... #Interstitial #Nephritis ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Red blood ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... syndrome ("Maltese ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
• Hepatorenal syndromes ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... #Acute #KidneyInjury ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine • 1ml blood ... castsDiagnostic ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, ... #Acute #KidneyInjury ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
- TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... #KidneyInjury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology