30 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
/nephritic syndromes ... the patient have glomerular ... RBCs in urine)? ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... Nephrotic yndrome—podocyte ... #Nephrotic #Syndromes
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Differentiation Between Nephrotic ... Syndrome and Nephritic ... Syndrome == Nephrotic ... #Syndrome #Nephritic ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... microscopy. ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
EM) Haematuria/nephritis ... Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome ... Nephrotic syndrome ... #diseases #nephrology ... comparison #table #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... syndrome ("Maltese ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... • 1ml blood/liter ... castsDiagnostic ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
Lupus Nephritis ... > 500 mg/d • Nephritic ... urine sediment ... casts, WBC casts ... 5%) #Lupus #Nephritis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
• Fanconi's syndrome ... • Drugs Glomerular ... RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... glomerulonephritis • WBC ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #diagnosis