31 results
Rapidly Growing Mycobacterial Infections

 • Mycobacterium abscessus - Is the most pathogenic and the most likely
most likely to cause ... It can also cause ... Reported cases associated ... Mycobacterium #diagnosis #differential ... #infectiousdiseases
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... • White cell casts ... • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #casts
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria ... - Differential ... Algorithm Pyuria - Leukocytes ... Urinary Tract Infection ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Differential #
Evaluation of Leukocytosis:
The term 'leukocyte' applies to any cells within the myeloblast, monoblast, & lymphoid lineages.
Include
Leukocytosis: The term 'leukocyte ... cells within the myeloblast ... part automated differential ... precursor cells to leukocytes ... the underlying cause
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... allopurinol, PPI) • Infections
Demyelinating Diseases - Differential Diagnosis
 • Inflammatory: MS, ADEM, NMO, Paraneoplastic, Sjogren's, Polyarteritis nodosa, SLE
 •
Demyelinating Diseases - Differential ... Inflammatory: MS ... nodosa, SLE • Infectious ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... suggests calculi/infection ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology ... #Macroscopic #Differential
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Hematuria: • Infection ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... HSP • Post-infectious ... #Differential #