47 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
cells - Glomerular disease ... of glomerular disease ... • Leukocytes ... type of renal disease ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... chronic kidney diseases ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... Advanced kidney disease ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and less common diseases ... diagnosis and treatment ... Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease ... polychondritis • Behcet disease ... #neurology #inflammatory
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
extramedullary disease ... • Blasts > 10% leukocytes ... Neutrophils • Immature/Myeloblasts ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Light chain (LC) cast ... LC deposition disease ... Minimal change disease ... malignancies Treatment ... Classification #Nephrology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... initial phase of the disease ... Therefore, Korsakoff Syndrome ... Encephalopathy Treatment ... #neurology #diagnosis
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)
Complication of invasive GAS disease characterized by shock & MOF → occurs
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ... of invasive GAS disease ... GAS in 30% of cases ... necrosis STSS Treatment ... #STSS #treatment
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
BEE Syndromes - ... and less common diseases ... diagnosis and treatment ... infections • Lyme disease ... #neurology #noninflammatory