28 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Syndrome (CAS): ... • Symptoms of anemia ... • hemolytic anemia ... , Myeloma • Waldenström ... #anemia #hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
thromboembolic disease ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... (12%) • giant cell ... cells NEJM Review ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Blood Disorders - Markers and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Acute
 • Myloid (AML) - CD13, CD33, CD34,
Disorders - Markers and ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pelger-Huet, Macrocytic anemia ... • Lymphoid (CLL ... Blood #Disorders #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
extramedullary disease ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
Multiple Myeloma ... 40 ml/min A - Anemia ... diseases, CML, ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... . primary cold agglutin ... , Copper and lead ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider sickle cell ... Agglutination - Cold agglutinins ... #workup #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Management Summary myelo ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... Allogeneic stem cell ... Management #treatment #hematology ... #oncology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Formation • Multiple Myeloma ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Rule out B12 and ... #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... #hematology