12 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... result of increased excretion ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
NH4+ excretion ... RTA (nb ↑K) - Renal ... AnionGap #NAGMA #diagnosis ... #differential # ... Urinary
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential #
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
calcium excretion ... calcium excretion ... amino acids in kidney ... #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Diagnosis Framework ... leukemia Measure Urine ... Fractional Excretion ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Elevated Renin Urine ... - Fractional excretion ... of Cl > 0.5% Clinical ... of echogenic kidneys
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... UOP/weights - Urine ... ) - Urinary tract ... AKI #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #Differential
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... #Excretion #Diuresis