31 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water Extrarenal hypotonic ... salt intake: • Hypertonic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic ... Urologic irrigants Hypotonic ... Beer potomania Isotonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Differential Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic ... time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... #Physiologic #Hypotonic
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
Causes of Hypotonic ... • Congenital Myotonic ... Myopathies #Hypotonic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... administration Hypertonic ... Primary polydipsia Hypotonic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Visualizing Hypotonic Hyponatremia

 • UNa reveals RAAS activity.
 • UOsm reveals ADH activity.
 • ADH secretion
Visualizing Hypotonic ... COREIMpodcast #Hypotonic ... nephrology #diagnosis #sodium
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Anemia Intrinsic Causes ... elliptocytosis Extrinsic Causes ... Intravascular Causes ... IV infusion of hypotonic ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Muscular dystrophy, Myotonic ... Neuromuscular #Weakness #Causes
Drugs that Cause Fever
Most commonly:
Amphotericin B, Antihistamines, Asparaginase, Barbiturates, Bleomycin sulfate, Methyldopa, Penicillins, Phenytoin sodium, Procainamide,
Drugs that Cause ... Penicillins, Phenytoin sodium ... Nitrofurantoin sodium ... #Drug #Fever #causes ... differential #diagnosis #pharmacology