17 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water Extrarenal hypotonic ... salt intake: • Hypertonic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic ... time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... #Physiologic #Hypotonic ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Differential Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Medications Used in Hypertensive Emergencies
Vasodilators: Hydralazine, Nitroglycerin, Sodium nitroprusside 
Calcium Channel Blockers: Clevidipine, Nicardipine
ß-Blockers: Esmolol, Labetalol,
Nitroglycerin, Sodium ... Phentolamine D1 Receptor Agonists ... Management #Treatment #Pharmacology ... #Table
REBEL Review 71: Treatment of Thyroid Storm 

Propranolol 
Esmolol 
Propylthiouracil (PTU) 
Methimazole 
Saturated Solution of Potassium
Lugol's Solution Sodium ... Hydrocortisone #endocrinology ... hyperthyroidism #table ... management #treatment #pharmacology
Summary of the therapeutic uses of adrenergic agonists
Table of Catecholamine Pressors, Non-Catecholamines, Alpha and Beta Receptor
the therapeutic uses ... of adrenergic agonists ... Table of Catecholamine ... #Pharmacology ... #Alpha #Beta #Table
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
Consider K-opoid agonists ... • Discuss with endocrinology ... SIADH — look for cause ... hourly • Identify Cause ... algorithm #treatment #sodium
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ... - Pharmacology ... Ozempic), or daily tablet ... not definitively cause ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology ... GLP-I receptor agonist ... not definitively cause ... DPP4 #Inhibitors #Pharmacology ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... vast majority of cases ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... the underlying cause ... management #nephrology #sodium