22 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... diet • Blood ... • Congenital adrenal ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal ... , Distal RTA, DKA ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
- Differential Diagnosis ... 5.5 - Proximal RTA ... Hypokalemic distal RTA ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Ttype 2 Overview

HCO3 reabsorptive failure
Lowering of threshold for HCO3 absorption in
Proximal Renal Tubular ... Acidosis (RTA) ... intact Can lower pH ... Acidosis #Proximal #Diagnosis ... #Management #Nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
effective arterial blood ... ↑ Aldosterone: Adrenal ... • Distal RTA ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... Acidosis (RTA) ... much easier to diagnosis ... Cannot lower pH ... #Management #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Proximal and distal RTA ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Type 1: Distal RTA ... : Hyperkalemic RTA ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
H+ (NAGMA from RTA ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... be a clue • Blood ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Crush injury • Blood ... SLE • Type IV RTA ... Blood transfusion ... #high #nephrology