26 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... #hyperkalemia ... #kaliuresis #management ... #criticalcare #treatment ... #nephrology #algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... , Bartter's syndrome ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Management
Treatment includes
 - Electrolyte replacement - K & Mg, preferably Cl salts
- Management Treatment ... , K sparing diuretics ... , RAASi, NSAIDS ... #Management #Treatment ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... potassium #high #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... Urine Cl - Loop diuretics ... , Thiazide diuretics ... #hypokalemia ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... function) - Loop diuretic ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia ... #management #potassium ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
and Management ... K+, ACEi/ARBs, NSAIDs ... clear cause) Management ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... irrigation • Management ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology