2064 results
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
acid >4 • Urine Na ... losses • Urine Na ... acid >4 • Urine Na ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased renal sodium ... retention, Urine Na ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Na >1 is predictive ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
severe symptoms + Na ... correction rate for Na ... • Check Na levels ... Hyponatremia #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
Refractory Ascites - Ascites that cannot be mobilized or early recurrence that cannot be prevented
Diuretic Resistant:
response to dietary Na ... despite dietary sodium ... days, Urinary sodium ... >2.0 mg/dL • Na ... diagnosis #management #algorithm
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
Fractional Excretion of Sodium ... Fractional Excretion of Sodium ... FENa) = (Urine Na ... Serum Cr) / (Serum Na ... Fractional #Excretion #Sodium
How much sodium is in 1 Liter of Normal Saline? In Bags if Potato Chips
How much sodium ... saline = 0.9% sodium ... meq/L) x (23 mg Na ... meq) = 3,542 mg Na ... about as much sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Corrected Na = [ ... Urine Osm • Na ... of total body Na ... Table #nephrology #sodium
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium ... Fractional excretion of Sodium ... = Sodium. ... < 1% Urine sodium ... > 2% Urine sodium
Hyponatremia - Correction for Hyperglycemia

#Diagnosis #Pseudohyponatremia #Hyperglycemia #Glucose #Correction #Formula #Sodium #Na
Correction #Formula #Sodium ... #Na