21 results
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... dorsum of foot and lateral ... Commonly caused ... nerve at fibular neck ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
month following neck ... decompress the spinal ... #clinical #video ... #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
brainstem and multiple spinal ... - Causes progressive ... Hyperreflexia, Increased Jaw ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... #Sclerosis #neurology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
the following symptoms ... reflux • Head and neck ... • Associated symptoms ... TMJ • Head, neck ... Otalgia #Ear #Pain #Otology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... Tract Lesions: • Bilateral ... Cord Causes: 1 ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Pathogenesis and clinical ... membrane • Through lateral ... Bezold abscess (Neck ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
evaluation should also ... • Head and neck ... cause unknown) ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #otology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Neurological symptoms ... edema visualized as ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Idiopathic: etiology ... Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... Hyperreflexia develops later ... signs and/or symptoms ... diagnosis #management #neurology