40 results
Typical (Counterclockwise) and Reverse Typical (Clockwise) Atrial Flutter on EKG
Typical (Counterclockwise) Atrial Flutter
 • Inferior leads:
Atrial Flutter on EKG ... up, slow down; "negative ... • V1: Broad & negative ... #ekg #electrocardiogram ... clinical #diagnosis #comparison
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
Osmotic Diuretics (e.g ... Loop Diuretics (e.g ... 4) Thiazides (e.g ... spironolactone) #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Nephron
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... insulin demand Relative ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #comparison
Brugada syndrome Types 1, 2 and 3

There are three types of ECG presentations, referred to as
three types of ECG ... The T-wave is negative ... #Diagnosis #ECG ... #EKG #Brugada #Syndrome ... #Comparison #Types
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... ) Loop agents (eg ... Adenosine #Nephron #Pathophysiology ... Sites #Action #nephrology
Approach to ECGs - VT vs. SVT - Wide Tachycardias
DDx = VT vs. SVT with BBB
All
entirely positive or negative ... positive in aVR and negative ... VT #VTach #SVT #Comparison ... VentricularTachycardia #Versus #ecg ... #ekg #cardiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... • Normal or negative ... level <100 pg/ml EKG ... : • Negative for ... infarction • Gram negative
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Blood cultures/serology ... : Serial negative ... Frequent false-negative ... : + (Negative blood ... #Endocarditis #comparison
Main types of autoimmune encephalitis in the ICU. 
Anti-NMDAR anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, ADEM acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Anti-GFAP
resonance imaging, EEG ... #encephalitis #comparison ... #table #neurology