45 results
Infective endocarditis - etiology and sources of infection. 
 • Native and prosthetic 
valve endocarditis
 •
and sources of infection ... • Native and ... for TPN) and antibiotic ... #Differential #Microbiology ... #Diagnosis #Pathogens
Blood culture contaminants
Grouped by gram negative vs gram positive vs other as well as never/maybe/probably
Some additional
Grouped by gram negative ... febrilepodcast] #ID #Infectious ... Diseases #Infections ... #Microbiology # ... Differential #Ddx #Diagnosis
SPICE (SPACE) Organisms
 - Colloquial acronym for gram-negative bacteria that have inducible, chromosomal beta-lactamase genes known
acronym for gram-negative ... to beta-lactam antibiotics ... Pseudomonas #Diagnosis ... #Microbiology # ... AmpC #Resistance #Antibiotics
Tuberculosis Testing

LATENT TB
• LTBI is diagnosed when an asymptomatic patient has a positive TST or IGRA
TB • LTBI is diagnosed ... testing (TST) False-negative ... TB AFB smear microscopy ... because false-negative ... sample = 95% • A negative
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Tubular Proteinuria (Negative ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... HSP • Post-infectious ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Glomerulonephritis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
ANCA:
 • C-ANCA: GPA (Wegener's)
 • P-ANCA: Microscopic Polyangiitis, Eosinophilic GPA (Churg
- Differential Diagnosis ... Wegener's) • P-ANCA: Microscopic ... Mediated: • ↓C3: Infection-Related ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... casts - Renal infection ... Urinary tract infection ... #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
SPICE (SPACE) Organisms

Gram-negative bacteria that have inducible, chromosomal beta-lactamase genes known as AmpC - Resistance may
Organisms Gram-negative ... Pseudomonas #Diagnosis ... #Microbiology # ... AmpC #Resistance #Antibiotics
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... polyangiitis, Microscopic ... polyangiitis) - ANCA-negative ... allopurinol), Infection ... #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... deposits - Post-infectious ... - RBC casts → Diagnostic ... Hematuria: • Infection ... causes #urology #nephrology