117 results
diagnosis nephrology differential algorithm management microscopy clinical casts hyponatremia workup metabolic treatment urology hypokalemia pathophysiology alkalosis diabetes hyperkalemia nephrotic polyuria
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Mild Non-proliferative DR • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... retinal ischemia causes ... easilyfriable neovascularization ... and/or retina -> Neovascularization ... #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
Water Diuresis (Urine ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... (Uncontrolled Diabetes ... • Central Diabetes ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... Proteinuria (Negative urine ... • HTN • Diabetes ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
WBCs, or urine ... → Urine culture ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified ... #blood #urine
Diabetes – diabetic nephropathy Majority of the literature in the area is applied to the diabetic nephropathy
Diabetes – diabetic ... applied to the diabetic ... be the primary cause ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #CKD #Diabetic
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: Red/Dark urine ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... more RBC/HPF spun urine ... examination of urine ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... glucosuria Low Urine ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis Algorithm Urine ... fibrosis • Remote diuretic ... use Urine chloride ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Causes
Lipid Casts on Urine Microscopy Dr. Telma Lemos @TELMALEMOS10 #Lipid #Casts #Urine #Microscopy #clinical #fatty #nephrology
Lipid Casts on Urine ... TELMALEMOS10 #Lipid #Casts ... #Urine #Microscopy ... clinical #fatty #nephrology
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