34 results
Upper Versus Lower Motor Neuron Findings

Denervation near the target muscle fibers (lower motor neuron disease) results
Upper Versus Lower ... Motor Neuron Findings ... motor neuron disease ... efferent limb of spinal ... reflexes, resulting
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... extremity reflexes ... bulbocavernosus reflex ... wink test - reflex ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Mechanisms of Lower Extremity Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema #Lower #LowerExtremity #Causes #Starling #Oncotic #Hydrostatic
Mechanisms of Lower ... Pathophys #EM #IM ... #Edema #Lower # ... LowerExtremity #Causes ... Differential #Mechanism #Algorithm
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... Weakness - Lower ... involved) - Tendon reflex ... in deep tendon reflexes
Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
Lower motor neuron ... Similarly, the damaged lower ... neurotransmitter cause ... This lesion causes ... positive Babinski reflex
Upper and Lower Causes of GI Bleed
Upper:
 • Esophagus: Tear (Mallory Weiss, Boerhaave syndrome), Variceal, Esophagitis,
Upper and Lower ... Causes of GI Bleed ... Radiation CMC IM ... differential #diagnosis #Causes ... #algorithm
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Syndrome -> Anterior spinal ... Mixed upper and lower ... motor neuron deficiencies ... bladder and rectal reflex
Pediatric Acute Abdominal Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Generalized/Migratory:
 • Intussusception
 • Gastroenteritis
 • Viral Illness
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gastroesophageal Reflux ... Pneumonia Right Lower ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Peds #
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Differential #Algorithm
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
spasticity • Lower ... Cord Causes: 1 ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... Upper extremity, lower ... differential #algorithm