13 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... #Pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... blood pressure: Active ... #causes #urinary
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Ileostomy - NGT suction ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... transport, renal function ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... fibrosis • Remote diuretic ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
arteriole in the nephron ... dose salicylates, diuretics ... Release of purine bases ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... Complications #Gout
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... blood pressure: Active ... the indicated causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... #Causes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
lost via osmotic diuresis ... diffusion of K+ out ... has good renal function ... 3) Follow the anion ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Causes of Interstitial Lung Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia
 • (UIP) Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Impaired cardiac function ... fluid leaking out ... hypersensitivity) reaction ... Diseases #ILD #Causes