11 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... acid and most diuretics ... #Segments #Function ... #Pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
arteriole in the nephron ... dose salicylates, diuretics ... tubule in the nephron ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... Complications #Gout
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased Loss: • GI ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-renal losses: • GI ... losses (NG suction ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Management of Abdominal Distension and Bloating - Treatment Algorithm

Definitions
Pathophysiology
Organic/Pathologic Etiologies:
 • Small Intestinal Bowel Overgrowth (SIBO)
Definitions Pathophysiology ... • Ascites • GI ... Disorders of Gut-Brain ... Dysfunction • Functional ... Dyspepsia • Functional
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI Losses - Gastric ... Vomiting • NG suction ... GI Losses - Lower ... tubular transport • Diuretics
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
CPPD vs Gout ... disease states Pathophysiology ... pain, loss of function ... Conditions for Gout ... • Medications (diuretics
Functional GI Disorders in IBD - IBD Algorithm

Background:
 • 25-40% of IBD in remission have IBS
Functional GI Disorders ... in IBD - IBD Algorithm ... narcotic use FGID Pathphysiology ... • Disordered Gut-Brain ... @wabillin #Functional
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
lost via osmotic diuresis ... diffusion of K+ out ... has good renal function ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
Alteration in brain function ... exclusion: always rule out ... Precipitants: Infection, GI ... bleeding, Diuretic