11 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic ... #Hypervolemic # ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... Skin loss • Euvolemic ... ) diuresis • Euvolemic ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... uric acid high in hypovolemic ... and hypervolemic ... uric acid low in euvolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... HYPOVOLEMIC • ... - diuretics EUVOLEMIC ... psychogenic polydipsia HYPERVOLEMIC ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Euvolemic ... • Hypervolemic
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro #Hypernatremia #Algorithm #VolumeStatus #Differential #DiabetesInsipidus #Ddxof
Evaluation of Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Nephro #Hypernatremia ... #Algorithm #VolumeStatus
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia #Algorithm #VolumeStatus #Differential #Ddxof
Evaluation of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Algorithm #VolumeStatus
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give ... volume Hypervolemic ... nephrotic syndrome) Euvolemic
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Hypovolemic, Serum ... Cerebral salt wasting Euvolemic ... Primary polydipsia Hypervolemic ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pancreatitis, Trauma Euvolemia ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia