30 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
cardiac, liver, renal ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Hyponatremia #Hypovolemic ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... , Ingestion Renal ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal Failure ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... - GI losses, renal ... • Hypervolemic
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... solute intake, Renal ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... #differential #algorithm
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • ... extra-renal volume ... - fevers • renal ... psychogenic polydipsia HYPERVOLEMIC ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic ... Na <20: Extra-renal ... Urine Na >30: Renal ... Primary polydipsia Hypervolemic ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm
Renal Tubular Acidosis #Diagnosis #Peds #Nephro #RTA #RenalTubularAcidosis #Algorithm #UrineAnionGap
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Diagnosis #Peds #Nephro ... RenalTubularAcidosis #Algorithm
Common ultrasound abnormalities seen on kidney and urinary bladder POCUS

- Dr. Abhilash Koratala MD - NephroPOCUS
urinary bladder POCUS ... - NephroPOCUS @NephroP ... differential #diagnosis #pocus ... #ultrasound #renal
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... Type 4 RTA • Hypokalemic ... RTA • RTA of renal ... Acidosis #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... > 20: • Renal ... wasting syndrome Hypovolemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm