9 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... cardiac, liver, renal ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm ADH ... • Renal Failure ... • Hypervolemic ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... failure Hypervolemia ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... solute intake, Renal ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... #causes #nephrology
Hypotension / Shock Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic:
 • Poor oral intake
 • Hemorrhage
 • Renal loss
 •
Shock Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemic ... Hemorrhage • Renal ... #Algorithm #shock ... #causes
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Exudative Effusion:
 - Pulmonary
     •
Causes of Pleural ... Algorithm Exudative ... Failure • Renal ... Failure with Hypervolemia ... #Algorithm #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... with poor renal ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Algorithm Reduced ... through distal nephron ... Creatinine • Chronic renal ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Syndrome, Chronic Renal ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #causes