15 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Hypervolemic # ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... HYPOVOLEMIC • ... • SIADH • hypothyroidism ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Euvolemic - Hypothyroidism ... • Hypervolemic ... #causes #nephrology
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA): refers to a group of conditions all of which cause the same
conditions all of which cause ... different types/causes ... RTA #Diagnosis #IM ... #Nephro #RTA #RenalTubularAcidosis ... #Features #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give ... volume Hypervolemic ... treat underlying cause ... CKD, Thiazides, Hypothyroidism
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Glucocorticoid deficiency, Hypothyroidism ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... #Causes #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... Nephrology if cause ... identified by UW IM ... #Workup #urology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... taken at home, work ... aldosteronism) • Hyperthyroidism ... hypertension) • Hypothyroidism ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... salivary cortisol • Hypothyroidism ... • Hyperthyroidism ... #Screening #Workup ... #table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... with previously stable ... Endocrinologic: Hypothyroidism ... Hyperaldosteronism, Hyperthyroidism ... #Hypertension #Workup