93 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... and Features of Hyponatremia ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Classification ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Cushing's syndrome ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... #Classification
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... tubular necrosis (causes ... obstruction) • Neurogenic
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Classification
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Central or neurogenic ... Surgery, Idiopathic Nephrogenic ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Classification of ... cholestasis, and some cases ... miscellaneous causes ... #Jaundice #Classification ... #differential #causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... trauma (a.k.a. neurogenic ... exacerbation (any cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes