9 results
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Nephrolithiasis) • Neurogenic ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... tubular necrosis (causes ... : sepsis, meds, ... obstruction) • Neurogenic ... tract infection • Medications
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Insensible losses Sodium ... in kidneys) - Medications ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 • If low preload →
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Management ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... ureteral stent(s) • Neurogenic ... → Stop meds
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... declines > ALT) • AKI ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... + myoglobin AKI ... per day until stable
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... sweat Heat Injury ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... , Liver injury,
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... hyperosmolality - Medications ... distal tubule sodium ... depletion, - AKI ... production: TLS, Crush injury