28 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Insensible losses Sodium ... Infiltrative disorders (e.g ... - Medications (e.g ... renal diseases (e.g ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... - Malignancy (e.g ... CNS pathology (e.g ... pathology (e.g. ... #Sodium
Deep T Wave Inversions - Differential
Normal variants 
  A. Juvenile T wave pattern
Wave Inversions - Differential ... bleeds) and related neurogenic ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Cardiology #ECG ... #EKG #Electrocardiogram
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
Tachypnea - Differential ... • Pericardial effusion ... • Hypovolemic shock ... Inflammation • Central neurogenic ... Tachypnea #Hyperpnea #Differential
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
Respiratory Failure - Differential ... High altitude (eg ... Intrapulmonary shunting (eg ... intracardiac shunting (eg ... Failure #hypoxia #Differential
Clinical Management for Three Common Causes of Shock 
HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK
 • Ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
for Three Common Causes ... when possible (eg ... dysrhythmias (eg ... pressure (PEEP) for pulmonary ... reverse the insult (eg
Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist 
Evaluation 
 - EKG & echocardiography
Evaluation - EKG ... edema - Large effusion ... Nephrotoxins (e.g ... channel blocker (eg ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... The differential ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... patient weight (eg ... management #nephrology #sodium
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
Hemopericardium)- Differential ... • Malignancy (e.g ... patients with pulmonary ... OTHER RARE CAUSES ... #Diagnosis #cardiology