23 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... The differential ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #Differential #
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #sodium
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Nephrolithiasis) • Neurogenic ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... sensitivity in kidneys ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Kidney ... Cl- outside the kidneys ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
of Seizures - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Meningitis Metabolic ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
of Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Nephrogenic ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #