17 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... Urine Sodium 4) ... Acid → SIADH - High
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
urine osm (in DI; high ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... Diabetes Insipidus ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... renal mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... #Differential # ... #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... diabetes insipidus ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
tissue perfusion 2. ... altered mentation 3. ... to infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of Sodium ... #diagnosis #management
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
tissue perfusion 2. ... altered mentation 3. ... infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of sodium ... warm #wet #dry #table