24 results
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Algorithm Step 1: ... young or very old ... Step 2: Check Uosm ... Step 3: If patient ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Sodium
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... #nephrology #hyponatremia ... #comparison
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3.
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
1) Determine ... , Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic ... Pulmonary embolism 2) ... #inopressors #diagnosis ... #table
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
output is a clue). 1) ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... ([Na] / 140) - 1) ... #sodium
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
Infections 2. ... Autoimmune diseases 3. ... Drugs 5. ... #rheumatology #comparison ... #table
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Stages: 1. ... tissue perfusion 2. ... altered mentation 3. ... due to loss of sodium ... warm #wet #dry #table