27 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... • Osmotic diuresis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... - Osmotic diuretic ... , Loop diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
, Dehydration: neurologic ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... volume loss - diuretics ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... loss (diuretics ... diagnosis #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... #Nephrology #Differential
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... DrEricStrong #Hypernatremia ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... , Medications (diuretics ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology