36 results
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... , Loop diuretics ... #Classification ... #Features #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Osmotic diuresis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Causes #nephrology #sodium
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... - Diuretics ... #Classification ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis is primarily ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... volume loss - diuretics ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... loss (diuretics ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Shock Types and Classification
DISTRIBUTIVE 66%
 • Sepsis/SIRS, anaphylaxis, adrenal insufficiency, liver failure, toxins, spinal/neurogenic
 • Warm
Shock Types and Classification ... toxins, spinal/neurogenic ... #Shock #Types #Classification ... #diagnosis #differential ... #criticalcare