28 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... - Small vessel vasculitis ... obstruction) • Neurogenic ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Classification of Vasculitis 
Vasculitis of large vessels 
 - Arteritis temporalis (giant-cell arteritis) 
 - Takayasu
Churg-Strauss syndrome ... purpura-arthralgia-nephritis syndrome ... - Goodpasture syndrome ... - Schnitzler syndrome ... - Sjögren syndrome
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Emboli, Thrombosis, Vasculitis ... Nephrolithiasis) • Neurogenic
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Cushing's syndrome ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... #Classification ... #Features #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
sinusoidal obstructive syndrome ... Capillary leak syndrome ... (Interleukin-2) ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Classification
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
transporter Bartter syndrome ... limb Gitelman syndrome ... tubule Liddle syndrome ... syndrome of inappropriate ... Kidney #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Renal Losses (AKI ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome