29 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... renal mechanism 2) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... history Step #2 ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
Shock and Vasoactive ... , Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic ... Pulmonary embolism 2) ... #inopressors #diagnosis ... #management #comparison
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Cushing's syndrome ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... - Vasopressin-2 ... receptor or aquaporin-2 ... Kidney #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... water unavailable 2) ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #nephrology #hyponatremia ... #comparison
Shock - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Hypotension: SBP<90, SBP drop >40, MAP<65 (Normotension, HTN possible
Shock - Diagnosis ... and Management ... IV/IO Access - 2- ... Epinephrine - Neurogenic ... #Diagnosis #Management
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
tissue perfusion 2. ... infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of sodium ... Classification #Types #diagnosis ... #management #cold